SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    12803, 12804, 12805, 12713, 12714, 12712, 
    12806, 12810, 12809, 12808, 17742, 
    17743, 17744, 17745, 17746, 17747, 
    17748, 17749, 17750, 17751
  )

Query time 0.00059

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 20,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (12803,12804,12805,12713,12714,12712,12806,12810,12809,12808,17742,17743,17744,17745,17746,17747,17748,17749,17750,17751)"
    }
  }
}