SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    1737, 1724, 1739, 1733, 1717, 1718, 1738, 
    1726, 1721, 1722, 1734, 1723
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00060

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "210",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "rows": 24,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (1737,1724,1739,1733,1717,1718,1738,1726,1721,1722,1734,1723) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
1717 respect-col.06-ru 302/307/373/554
1718 respect-col.07 302/307/373/554
1721 respect-col.10 302/307/373/554
1722 respect-col.11 302/307/373/554
1723 respect-col.12 302/307/373/554
1724 respect-col.13 302/307/373/554
1726 respect-col.15 302/307/373/554
1733 respect-col.22 302/307/373/554
1734 respect-col.23 302/307/373/554
1737 respect-col.26 302/307/373/554
1738 respect-col.27 302/307/373/554
1739 respect-col.28 302/307/373/554