SELECT 
  cscart_images.*, 
  cscart_images_links.*, 
  cscart_common_descriptions.description AS alt, 
  cscart_images.image_id AS images_image_id 
FROM 
  cscart_images_links 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_images ON cscart_images_links.detailed_id = cscart_images.image_id 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_common_descriptions ON cscart_common_descriptions.object_id = cscart_images.image_id 
  AND cscart_common_descriptions.object_holder = 'images' 
  AND cscart_common_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru' 
WHERE 
  cscart_images_links.object_type = 'product' 
  AND cscart_images_links.type = 'M' 
  AND cscart_images_links.object_id IN (
    2282, 1589, 1591, 2232, 2298, 1594, 1586, 
    2085, 2087, 2233, 2086, 2234
  ) 
ORDER BY 
  cscart_images_links.position, 
  cscart_images_links.pair_id

Query time 0.00068

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "read_sorted_file": {
      "filesort": {
        "sort_key": "cscart_images_links.position, cscart_images_links.pair_id",
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_images_links",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["object_id"],
          "key": "object_id",
          "key_length": "81",
          "used_key_parts": ["object_id", "object_type", "type"],
          "rows": 12,
          "filtered": 100,
          "index_condition": "cscart_images_links.object_type = 'product' and cscart_images_links.`type` = 'M' and cscart_images_links.object_id in (2282,1589,1591,2232,2298,1594,1586,2085,2087,2233,2086,2234)"
        }
      }
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_images",
      "access_type": "eq_ref",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "4",
      "used_key_parts": ["image_id"],
      "ref": ["noframes_kz_new.cscart_images_links.detailed_id"],
      "rows": 1,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "trigcond(cscart_images_links.detailed_id = cscart_images.image_id)"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_common_descriptions",
      "access_type": "eq_ref",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "107",
      "used_key_parts": ["object_id", "lang_code", "object_holder"],
      "ref": ["noframes_kz_new.cscart_images.image_id", "const", "const"],
      "rows": 1,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "trigcond(cscart_common_descriptions.object_id = cscart_images.image_id and cscart_common_descriptions.object_holder = 'images' and cscart_common_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru' and trigcond(cscart_images.image_id is not null))"
    }
  }
}

Result

image_id image_path image_x image_y is_high_res rf_original pair_id object_id object_type detailed_id type position alt images_image_id
0 magnifico-col1.jpg 980 653 N 6277 1586 product 4486 M 0 4486
0 magnifico-col4.jpg 980 653 N 6283 1589 product 4492 M 0 4492
0 magnifico-plain-col1.jpg 980 653 N 6287 1591 product 4496 M 0 4496
0 magnifico-plain-col4.jpg 980 653 N 6293 1594 product 4502 M 0 4502
0 col._3.jpg 1000 750 N col._3.jpg 7211 2085 product 5421 M 0 5421
0 col._4.jpg 1000 750 N col._4.jpg 7213 2086 product 5423 M 0 5423
0 col._5.jpg 1000 750 N col._5.jpg 7215 2087 product 5425 M 0 5425
0 Гармония_рогожка_col.04.jpg 900 675 N Гармония_рогожка_col.04.jpg 7960 2298 product 6170 M 1 6170
0 Гармония_букле_col._01_e2y7-6o.jpg 900 675 N Гармония_букле_col._01_e2y7-6o.jpg 7878 2232 product 6088 M 2 6088
0 Гармония_графика_col.04.jpg 900 675 N Гармония_графика_col.04.jpg 7900 2282 product 6110 M 2 6110
0 Гармония_букле_col._02_vrw5-v4.jpg 900 675 N Гармония_букле_col._02_vrw5-v4.jpg 7879 2233 product 6089 M 3 6089
0 Гармония_букле_col._03_a6it-ws.jpg 900 675 N Гармония_букле_col._03_a6it-ws.jpg 7880 2234 product 6090 M 4 6090