SELECT 
  cscart_images.*, 
  cscart_images_links.*, 
  cscart_common_descriptions.description AS alt, 
  cscart_images.image_id AS images_image_id 
FROM 
  cscart_images_links 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_images ON cscart_images_links.detailed_id = cscart_images.image_id 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_common_descriptions ON cscart_common_descriptions.object_id = cscart_images.image_id 
  AND cscart_common_descriptions.object_holder = 'images' 
  AND cscart_common_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru' 
WHERE 
  cscart_images_links.object_type = 'product' 
  AND cscart_images_links.type = 'A' 
  AND cscart_images_links.object_id IN (
    1589, 1591, 1594, 1586, 1593, 1592, 1587, 
    1590, 1595, 1588
  ) 
ORDER BY 
  cscart_images_links.position, 
  cscart_images_links.pair_id

Query time 0.00055

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "read_sorted_file": {
      "filesort": {
        "sort_key": "cscart_images_links.position, cscart_images_links.pair_id",
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_images_links",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["object_id"],
          "key": "object_id",
          "key_length": "81",
          "used_key_parts": ["object_id", "object_type", "type"],
          "rows": 10,
          "filtered": 100,
          "index_condition": "cscart_images_links.object_type = 'product' and cscart_images_links.`type` = 'A' and cscart_images_links.object_id in (1589,1591,1594,1586,1593,1592,1587,1590,1595,1588)"
        }
      }
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_images",
      "access_type": "eq_ref",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "4",
      "used_key_parts": ["image_id"],
      "ref": ["noframes_kz_new.cscart_images_links.detailed_id"],
      "rows": 1,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "trigcond(cscart_images_links.detailed_id = cscart_images.image_id)"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_common_descriptions",
      "access_type": "eq_ref",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "107",
      "used_key_parts": ["object_id", "lang_code", "object_holder"],
      "ref": ["noframes_kz_new.cscart_images.image_id", "const", "const"],
      "rows": 1,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "trigcond(cscart_common_descriptions.object_id = cscart_images.image_id and cscart_common_descriptions.object_holder = 'images' and cscart_common_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru' and trigcond(cscart_images.image_id is not null))"
    }
  }
}

Result

image_id image_path image_x image_y is_high_res rf_original pair_id object_id object_type detailed_id type position alt images_image_id
0 magnifico-col1-1.jpg 980 653 N 6278 1586 product 4487 A 1 4487
0 magnifico-col2-2.jpg 980 653 N 6280 1587 product 4489 A 1 4489
0 magnifico-col3-3.jpg 980 653 N 6282 1588 product 4491 A 1 4491
0 magnifico-col4-4.jpg 980 653 N 6284 1589 product 4493 A 1 4493
0 magnifico-col5-5.jpg 980 653 N 6286 1590 product 4495 A 1 4495
0 манифико-плейн-1.jpg 980 653 N 6288 1591 product 4497 A 1 4497
0 манифико_плейн-2.jpg 980 653 N 6290 1592 product 4499 A 1 4499
0 манифико_плейн-3.jpg 980 653 N 6292 1593 product 4501 A 1 4501
0 манифико_плейн-4.jpg 980 653 N 6294 1594 product 4503 A 1 4503
0 манифико_плейн-5.jpg 980 653 N 6296 1595 product 4505 A 1 4505