SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    2282, 2232, 2298, 2233, 2234, 2236, 2274, 
    2279, 2235, 2285, 2280, 2275
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00063

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "210",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "rows": 24,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (2282,2232,2298,2233,2234,2236,2274,2279,2235,2285,2280,2275) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
2232 garmoniya-bukle-col.-01-ru 302/307/535/560
2233 garmoniya-bukle-col.-02 302/307/535/560
2234 garmoniya-bukle-col.-03 302/307/535/560
2235 garmoniya-bukle-col.-04 302/307/535/560
2236 garmoniya-bukle-col.-05 302/307/535/560
2274 garmoniya-bukle-col.-06 302/307/535/560
2275 garmoniya-bukle-col.-07 302/307/535/560
2279 garmoniya-grafika-col.-01 302/307/535/560
2280 garmoniya-grafika-col.-02 302/307/535/560
2282 garmoniya-grafika-col.-04 302/307/535/560
2285 garmoniya-grafika-col.-07 302/307/535/560
2298 garmoniya-rogozhka-col.-04 302/307/535/560