SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    2507, 2501, 2498, 2504, 2500, 2505, 2503, 
    2499, 2497, 2508, 2506, 2509
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00073

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "210",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "rows": 24,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (2507,2501,2498,2504,2500,2505,2503,2499,2497,2508,2506,2509) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
2497 for-rest-col.01 302/307/373/588
2498 for-rest-col.02 302/307/373/588
2499 for-rest-col.03 302/307/373/588
2500 for-rest-col.04 302/307/373/588
2501 for-rest-col.05 302/307/373/588
2503 for-rest-col.07 302/307/373/588
2504 for-rest-col.08 302/307/373/588
2505 for-rest-col-09 302/307/373/588
2506 for-rest-col.10 302/307/373/588
2507 for-rest-col.11 302/307/373/588
2508 for-rest-col.12 302/307/373/588
2509 for-rest-col.13 302/307/373/588