SELECT 
  variant_id, 
  yml2_unit 
FROM 
  cscart_product_feature_variant_descriptions 
WHERE 
  variant_id IN ('1304', '1471', '1429', '1433') 
  AND lang_code = 'ru'

Query time 0.00035

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_feature_variant_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["variant_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 4,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_product_feature_variant_descriptions.variant_id in ('1304','1471','1429','1433') and cscart_product_feature_variant_descriptions.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}