SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    2408, 2397, 2394, 2402, 2401, 2399, 2398, 
    2596, 2543, 2542, 1744, 2410
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00055

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "210",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "rows": 24,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (2408,2397,2394,2402,2401,2399,2398,2596,2543,2542,1744,2410) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
1744 belgiyskiy-kover-200h300-granite-883c474110 302/303/324
2394 tureckiy-kover-lama-i-bone-black-160x230 302/303/304
2397 tureckiy-kover-mosaic-160x230 302/303/304
2398 tureckiy-kover-nordic-ocean-200x290 302/303/304
2399 tureckiy-kover-pebbles-grey-grey-160x230 302/303/304
2401 tureckiy-kover-prismatic-shr-papatya-160x230 302/303/304
2402 tureckiy-kover-shale-beige-shr-papatya-160x230 302/303/304
2408 tureckiy-kover-grigio-grey-grey-80x150 302/303/304
2410 tureckiy-kover-elegant-bone-bone-80x150 302/303/304
2542 tureckiy-kover-botanica-bone-bone-200x300 302/303/304
2543 tureckiy-kover-elegant-bone-bone-200x300 302/303/304
2596 belgiyskiy-kover-antique-200x290 302/303/306